Tag Archives: #MedicalWriters

Pharma’s Shift to Patient-Centric Models: How Listening to Patients Drives Better Health Outcomes

Medical Devices, Medical Publishing, Medical Writing,

The pharmaceutical industry is undergoing a significant transformation. In the past, the focus was primarily on research, development, and approval processes driven by science and regulations. However, today’s landscape is evolving to prioritize what truly matters — delivering effective, affordable treatments to patients faster. For instance, in 2020, the rapid development and approval of COVID-19 vaccines in less than a year showed the power of collaboration, new technologies, and streamlined processes, setting a new precedent for how the industry can respond to urgent health crises.

The shift to patient-centricity is one of the most profound changes to impact the industry in recent years. As patients take on more responsibility for their own healthcare, their voices are becoming more influential in shaping the direction of pharmaceutical development and treatment options.

Why is Patient-Centric approach is so Important?

Patients are no longer passive recipients of care. Patients today are well-informed, actively involved in their healthcare decisions, and expect both healthcare providers and pharmaceutical companies to listen to their needs. This shift is not only about improving the patient’s experience but also about ensuring better outcomes in drug development, clinical trials, and treatment efficacy.

As we look ahead, here are a few key reasons why patient-centric models are crucial for the future of pharma:

  1. Improved Patient Health Outcomes
    Evidence shows that patient-centered care significantly improves clinical outcomes. A study on adolescents with diabetes highlights that key element—improved patient-provider communication, providing symptom information, and addressing concerns—are linked to better psychosocial health outcomes. The findings reveal a strong correlation (r ≥ 0.3) between these factors and improved patient-reported outcomes. This reinforces that prioritizing patients’ preferences and needs enhances treatment effectiveness and overall health results (Vasanwala et al 2022). By integrating patient feedback into the drug development process, pharmaceutical companies can design treatments that are more aligned with patients’ real-world needs. Whether it’s reducing side effects, improving drug delivery methods, or ensuring easier access to medications, listening to patients is key to developing effective therapies that work in practice — not just in theory.
  1. Enhanced Patient Engagement
    A recent study on patient’s beliefs about medicine and adherence shows that patients who perceive higher levels of people-centered care (PCC) are more likely to adhere to prescribed medications. Each point increase in PCC corresponds to a 7% higher chance of adherence, underscoring how active patient engagement and listening to their needs and beliefs about treatment can lead to better health outcomes. Patients who are actively engaged in their treatment are more likely to adhere to prescribed therapies, leading to better health outcomes. By involving patients in their care journey, pharmaceutical companies can enhance engagement, trust, and overall satisfaction. This shift is not just about providing a product but about offering a comprehensive healthcare solution that fits into a patient’s life (Dilles et al 2023).
  2. Bridging the Gap in Clinical Trials
    Historically, clinical trials have had limited diversity and were often not fully representative of the populations that would ultimately use the drugs. By adopting patient-centric approaches, companies can ensure that trials are more inclusive, ensuring a broader range of patient experiences, which leads to more relevant and effective treatments.
  3. Building Trust Through Transparency
    Recent advances in patient engagement show improved health outcomes across prevention and chronic disease management. Addressing health literacy and ensuring clear, actionable information is key. Gaps remain in effectively engaging patients, especially in decision-making and self-management. Future efforts should integrate patient feedback from wearables, improve information navigation, and involve patients in designing healthcare systems, policies, and research to make patient engagement a cultural norm for better health outcomes. Patients today want to know how treatments are being developed, the risks involved, and how their data is being used. Pharma companies that communicate openly with patients build trust, foster long-term relationships and ensure better patient cooperation and compliance.

How Medical Communications Agencies Support Patient-Centric Models

While the shift to patient-centricity is a broad industry-wide movement, medical communications agencies play a critical role in ensuring that pharma companies effectively implement these models. Here’s how they contribute to the patient-centric process:

  1. Bridging the Communication Gap
    Medical communications agencies can facilitate clear, effective communication between pharmaceutical companies and patients. Through the creation of educational materials, online platforms, and patient-facing content, agencies ensure that patients are fully informed about treatments, potential side effects, and clinical trial options. This transparency helps build trust and encourages patient engagement.
  2. Developing Patient-Centered Content
    Agencies specializing in medical communications create content that resonates with patients, ensuring that it’s not only scientifically accurate but also accessible and empathetic. Whether through print, digital channels, or social media, agencies ensure that the content speaks directly to patients’ concerns, empowering them with information that helps them make informed decisions about their treatment options.
  3. Facilitating Patient Advocacy Partnerships
    Medical communications agencies often collaborate with patient advocacy groups to ensure that patients’ voices are heard in the development process. Agencies help to amplify the concerns and needs of patient communities, ensuring that pharma companies are aware of the specific issues patients face. This collaboration leads to more inclusive and responsive drug development strategies.
  4. Enhancing Patient Engagement Strategies
    Agencies help design and execute strategies for sustained patient engagement, whether through digital tools, community forums, or targeted campaigns. By utilizing real-time patient feedback, agencies ensure that pharma companies are continually improving their patient-centric approaches and creating solutions that meet evolving patient needs.
  5. Optimizing Clinical Trial Recruitment
    Medical communications agencies can assist pharmaceutical companies in reaching out to a diverse patient population for clinical trials. They help design recruitment campaigns that are tailored to various patient groups, ensuring that trials reflect the diverse populations that will eventually benefit from the drugs. Moreover, agencies provide ongoing support to patients throughout the trial process, increasing retention and improving overall success rates.

The Road Ahead: A Patient-First Future

The transition to a patient-centric model in the pharmaceutical industry is not just a trend — it’s a necessity. As the demand for more personalized, effective, and accessible healthcare continues to grow, pharma companies must keep patients at the forefront of their strategies.

By truly listening to patients and involving them in every step of the journey, from drug discovery to post-market support, pharmaceutical companies can help create a future where treatments are not only more effective but also more aligned with the needs of the people they are designed to help.

Ultimately, a patient-first approach doesn’t just lead to better outcomes — it leads to a healthier, more informed world. As industry continues to evolve, embracing patient-centric models will be the key to transforming lives and advancing healthcare for generations to come.

References:

  1. Vasanwala, R., Lim, A., Soo Ting, L., Pei Kwee, L., Yuen Ching, H., & Xiang Feng, T. (2022). The impact of patient-centered care on health outcomes in adolescents living with diabetes. Patient Experience Journal, 9(1), 46–53. https://doi.org/10.35680/2372-0247.1619
  2. Dilles, T., Mortelmans, L., Loots, E., Sabbe, K., Feyen, H., Wauters, M., Haegdorens, F., & De Baetselier, E. (2023). People-centered care and patients’ beliefs about medicines and adherence: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon, 9(5), e15795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15795

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Turning Research Data into Publishable Manuscripts

Medical Writing, ,

Scientific advancement in academia depends greatly on research, but its true value lies in publishing and sharing findings with the broader scientific community. Transforming raw data into a refined, publishable manuscript can be challenging and requires significant focus and effort. This blog provides a comprehensive roadmap to assist researchers in effectively transforming their research findings into manuscripts ready for publication.

Recognizing the Significance of Your Data

Before beginning the writing process, researchers should reflect on their findings and consider the following questions:

  •  What novel insights does the study provide? This helps identify the critical findings that distinguish the research from the existing literature.
  • How does it advance the research area? This question highlights how the study’s findings contribute to advancing current practices, knowledge, and understanding in the respective field.
  • How does it address existing knowledge gaps? This helps determine to what extent the study addresses previously unresolved questions in the research area.

Knowing the answers to these questions helps organize the manuscript efficiently, highlight its significance, and ensure its relevance to the field.

Read More: AI-Driven Insights: Discovering New Research Opportunities in Medical Science

Selecting a Journal and Target Audience

Choosing the right journal and determining the target audience are crucial steps in manuscript preparation. The journal selection can impact the manuscript’s focus, length, and style. Key factors to consider when selecting a journal include:

  • Impact Factor: Journals with higher impact factors often have more stringent submission requirements.
  • Journal Scope: The research should align with the journal’s focus. For example, choosing a specialized journal for research in a particular therapeutic area.

Understanding a journal’s guidelines can reduce the likelihood of rejection and save time during the submission process.

Addressing Ethical Considerations

It is critical to follow ethical standards when writing an acceptable manuscript. This involves getting the required approvals to conduct the study, securing informed consent from participants, and ensuring data privacy requirements are upheld.

Common Challenges in Manuscript Preparation

Recognizing potential challenges can significantly improve the manuscript preparation process. Some common challenges include:

  • Time Constraints: Balancing ongoing research with personal commitments can limit the time for manuscript writing.
  • Data Organization: Presenting complex data effectively requires careful organization and a strategic approach.
  • Statistical Analysis: Conducting and presenting statistical analyses accurately can be difficult, especially for those without a strong statistical background.
  • Formatting Requirements: Different journals have specific formatting and submission guidelines that can be tricky to navigate.
  • Peer Review Process: The peer review process can feel daunting, as constructive feedback often necessitates significant revisions.
  • Writing Skills: Difficulty in clearly conveying ideas can affect the overall quality of the manuscript.
  • Ethical Considerations: Ensuring compliance with ethical standards, including proper citation practices, is crucial but challenging.
  • Collaboration: Coordinating with co-authors and aligning different writing styles can make it difficult to create a cohesive manuscript.

Identifying these challenges early can help researchers streamline the manuscript preparation process and improve their chances of successful publication.

Organizing the Data

Effective organization of the raw research data is a critical aspect of manuscript preparation. Careful organization of the data before starting the writing ensures clarity and coherence. This can be achieved by:

  • Analyzing findings and identifying key points.
  • Grouping similar findings with a clear rationale.
  • Creating a logical flow to present the data.
  • Using visual aids to enhance clarity.
  • Avoiding overloading the manuscript with unnecessary visuals.

Crafting a Compelling Title and Abstract

The title and abstract are critical elements that are often the first things noticed by potential readers and journal editors. A clear, concise title, combined with a well-crafted abstract, can significantly influence the readability and appeal of the full paper. The abstract should:

  • Clearly define the research problem.
  • Briefly describe the methods and key findings.
  • Highlight the significance of the work.

Structuring the Manuscript

Most scientific manuscripts follow the Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion (IMRaD) format. This structure ensures logical organization and makes the paper easy for readers to follow.

  • Introduction: Provides context by summarizing the research background, stating the research question, and outlining the study objectives.
  • Methods: Details the study design, including experimental procedures and statistical analyses, ensuring transparency.
  • Results: Presents the findings in an organized manner, supported by visuals.
  • Discussion: Interprets the findings, compares them with existing research, and discusses limitations and future directions.

Writing Clearly and Precisely

Clear writing is essential for effective research communication. This involves:

  • Avoiding jargon and unnecessary abbreviations.
  • Being concise and eliminating redundancy.
  • Using active voice to enhance readability.

For those who find this challenging, seeking feedback from colleagues or considering professional editing can be beneficial.

Citing Appropriately

Accurate referencing adds credibility to the work. This can be accomplished by:

  • Using current and relevant references.
  • Following the specific citation style required by the target journal.
  • Focusing on key studies directly related to the research, while avoiding over-citation.

Revising and Editing

It is beneficial to revise the draft once it has been completed. Involving colleagues in this process can provide valuable insights and perspectives. This process ensures:

  • Refining the clarity and coherence of the manuscript.
  • Eliminating unnecessary details or redundancies.
  • Double-checking data and citations for accuracy.

Submitting and Navigating the Review Process

After submission, preparing for the peer review process is essential. Reviewers will assess the strengths and weaknesses of the paper and provide feedback. Answering the feedback involves the following:

  • Responding clearly to each point raised in the requested revisions.
  • Resubmitting the manuscript with all corrections and justifications.

Rejection is a normal part of the academic publication process. Learning from feedback can improve the manuscript for future submissions.

Final Thoughts

Turning research data into a publishable manuscript requires time, effort, and patience. Using appropriate and methodical approaches can make the process more manageable. It is important to remember that every step, from selecting the right journal to refining the writing, helps researchers make valuable contributions to their field.

Want to Simplify Your Publication Process?

Despite the challenges of transforming raw research into a well-structured manuscript, the entire journey — from data analysis to manuscript submission — can be streamlined. Partnering with Turacoz ensures a professional, efficient, and successful publication process. Our experience and expertise in scientific publications can significantly ease the workload and elevate the impact of research. Whether you need assistance with writing, editing, submission, or promotion, the Turacoz team offers tailored solutions to meet your needs. Please contact us at [email protected] to elevate your publication experience.

The Role of Academic Societies in Journal Publishing

Medical Writing, ,

Academic societies have long been integral to the advancement of research, education, and professional development in various fields. In the journal publishing, their influence is particularly notable. These organizations are often at the forefront of disseminating new scientific discoveries, setting rigorous standards for academic integrity, and fostering the growth of researchers through peer-reviewed publications. For medical writers, understanding the contributions of academic societies to journal publishing is essential, as it informs their work and ensures that the content they produce aligns with their highest academic and ethical standards.

  1. Setting and Maintaining Publishing Standards

One of the primary contributions of academic societies to journal publishing is their role in setting and maintaining high standards of scientific and academic content. These standards ensure that the research published in their journals is credible, rigorous, and adheres to the ethical guidelines.

  • Peer Review Process

The peer review process is a key mechanism by which academic societies maintain their publishing standards. Most academic journals, especially those affiliated with societies, require manuscripts to undergo rigorous peer review before publication. This process involved expert reviewers who evaluated the quality, originality, and validity of the research. By providing an independent assessment, peer review helps maintain the integrity of published research and prevents the dissemination of flawed or misleading findings.

For medical writers, the peer review process is both a guide and safeguard. When preparing manuscripts, regulatory documents, or clinical trial summaries, medical writers must ensure that their content meets the criteria set by the reviewers. This implies paying close attention to data accuracy, clarity of communication, and adherence to ethical standards.

  • Ethical Guidelines and Reporting Standards

Academic societies are instrumental in developing ethical guidelines and reporting standards for research publications. These include principles such as transparency in data reporting, disclosure of conflicts of interest, and adherence to ethical guidelines in human and animal research. For example, organizations like the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) have established widely accepted standards for manuscript preparation and publication ethics.

Medical writers working in the field of journal publishing must be familiar with these guidelines to ensure that their work complies with the industry norms. By adhering to the standards set by academic societies, medical writers contribute to the credibility and ethical standing of their research.

  1. Supporting Researchers: Providing a Platform for Scientific Dialogue

Another critical role that academic societies play in journal publishing is to provide a platform for researchers to share their findings, exchange ideas, and collaborate with their peers. By publishing journals, academic societies facilitate the dissemination of knowledge, ensuring that discoveries are accessible to the scientific community.

  • Encouraging Collaboration and Networking

Many academic societies organize conferences, workshops, and symposiums in addition to publishing journals. These events serve as valuable networking opportunities for researchers, where they can discuss their work with other professionals, receive feedback, and collaborate. For early career researchers, academic societies offer mentorship and support, helping them navigate the often-complex publishing process in high-impact journals.

Medical writers, particularly those involved in preparing research for publication, benefit from  resources and networking opportunities provided by academic societies. Attending society-sponsored events or engaging with the latest journal articles allows medical writers to stay updated on emerging research trends, new methodologies, and shifts in the regulatory field.

  • Advancing Careers Through Recognition

Academic societies often have awards or recognition programs that honor outstanding research contributions. This recognition not only advances the careers of researchers, but also brings attention to important scientific discoveries. Many societies also offer travel grants, fellowships, and scholarships, to further support researchers in their professional development.

Medical writers, who often collaborate with researchers in preparing manuscripts and grant proposals, can help their clients or employers navigate these opportunities for recognition. By aligning their work with the high standards and expectations of academic societies, medical writers play a role in helping researchers advance their careers and secure the recognition of their contributions.

  1. Ensuring Accessibility and Credibility in Scientific Publishing

In recent years, the open-access movement has gained significant momentum, with the aim of making research freely available to a wider audience. Academic societies have been key players in this movement, with many offerings open-access options for their journals or participating in initiatives like Plan S, which promotes the unrestricted availability of scientific publications. By supporting open access, academic societies can help bridge the gap between researchers, clinicians, policymakers, and the public.

Read More: The Evolution of Academic Publishing: From Print to Digital

  • Enhancing Accessibility Through Open Access

The open-access model offers unique opportunities and challenges for medical writers. On one hand, open-access publications allow medical writers to access a wealth of research data and articles without barriers to paywalls. This is particularly useful when preparing literature reviews or drafting content that requires a comprehensive understanding of current research. However, open-access journals often require authors or their institutions to cover publication costs, which can be a financial burden for some researchers.

  • Upholding Journal Reputation and Impact

The reputation of a journal is often linked to the academic society that supports it. Journals affiliated with respected societies typically have higher impact factors, attract submissions from leading researchers, and maintain strict editorial standards. For medical writers, publishing in a high-impact journal can significantly enhance the visibility and credibility of the research they are helping communicate.

When preparing manuscripts, medical writers should consider the impact and reach of the journals they are targeting. Submitting work to society-affiliated journals that maintain high editorial standards can improve the likelihood of publication and ensure that research reaches the intended audience.

  1. Supporting Medical Writers: Collaboration Between Writers and Academic Societies

Academic societies are not only beneficial to researchers; they also play a crucial role in supporting medical writers. Many societies offer specialized resources to writers, including style guides, ethical guidelines, and access to professional networks. For example, organizations such as the American Medical Writers Association (AMWA) and European Medical Writers Association (EMWA) provide valuable training opportunities and certifications for medical writers.

  • Continuing Education and Professional Development

By collaborating with academic societies, medical writers can access continuing education opportunities that will help them stay current in their fields. Many societies offer workshops, webinars, and online courses that cover topics, like manuscript preparation, ethical writing practices, and advancements in medical research.

These educational opportunities not only enhance the skills of medical writers, but also contribute to the overall quality of the research publications they help produce. By being informed about the latest trends in medical writing and journal publishing, writers can improve the accuracy, clarity, and ethical standards of their work.

  • Bridging the Gap Between Researchers and Publishers

Medical writers often serve as intermediaries for researchers and publishers. By understanding the standards and requirements of academic societies, medical writers can help researchers navigate the publication process smoothly. This includes preparing manuscripts that meet society-specific guidelines, ensuring compliance with ethical standards, and facilitating clear communication between the authors and journal editors. Through this collaboration, medical writers contribute to the successful dissemination of research, ensuring that it reaches the right audience and has a lasting effect on the scientific community. The role of academic societies in journal publishing is essential to maintaining the integrity, accessibility, and credibility of scientific research.

At Turacoz, we understand the pivotal role academic societies play in setting rigorous standards for ethical and credible scientific communication. Our expert medical writers are dedicated to producing content that not only meets these high standards but also contributes to advancing scientific knowledge. Leveraging the resources and guidelines provided by academic societies, we ensure the accuracy, credibility, and impact of the research we help communicate. We stay updated on emerging trends and innovations in publishing, such as open-access platforms and transparent peer review processes, guiding researchers through the complexities of today’s academic landscape. By partnering with Turacoz, you gain a dedicated ally who is equipped to elevate your research, ensuring it meets the highest academic standards while reaching the widest possible audience. Visit www.turacoz.com or contact us at [email protected] to learn how we can support your publishing journey

Bridging the Gap: How to Write User-Friendly Medical Content

Medical Publishing, Medical Writing, ,

Are you finding it challenging to make your medical communications clear and engaging?

Navigating the world of medical content can sometimes feel like deciphering a foreign language, even for seasoned professionals. The goal of this blog is to help you create content that is clear, engaging, and most importantly, user-friendly. Let’s dive into some tips to help you communicate more effectively with your audience, whether they are healthcare professionals or patients.

  1. Know Your Audience

First and foremost, understanding your audience is crucial. Are you writing for healthcare professionals (HCPs) or patients?

The language and level of detail you use will differ greatly. For HCPs, you can use more technical terms and delve into complex details. For patients, however, it is essential to use plain language and avoid jargon. Always keep in mind who you are speaking to and tailor your message accordingly.

  1. Clarity is Key

Medical information can be complex, but your job is to make it as clear as possible. Use simple, straightforward language, and avoid long, convoluted sentences. Break down complex ideas into manageable chunks. Remember, the clearer your content, the easier it will be for your audience to understand and retain the information.

  1. Engage with Stories and Analogies

People love stories. They make information more relatable and memorable. Use real-life examples, patient stories, or analogies to explain complex medical concepts. For instance, describing the immune system as a “security system” that protects the body from intruders can make the concept more accessible to a layperson.

Read More: How to Write Medical Content That Ranks on Search Engines?

  1. Use Visual Aids

A picture is worth a thousand words, especially in medical communications. Diagrams, infographics, and videos can help illustrate your points and make your content more engaging. Visual aids are particularly helpful when explaining procedures, anatomy, or the effects of certain medications. Just make sure that your visuals are clear and accurately represent the information you are conveying.

  1. Make It Interactive

Interactive content can greatly enhance user engagement. Consider incorporating quizzes, interactive diagrams, or clickable links that provide additional information. Interactive elements can help reinforce learning and keep your audience engaged. For example, a quiz at the end of an article about diabetes management could help patients assess their understanding and encourage them to learn more.

  1. Keep It Crisp

In today’s fast-paced world, attention spans are short. Keep your content concise and to the point. Avoid unnecessary fluff, and focus on delivering valuable information. Bullet points, numbered lists, and short paragraphs can help break up the text and make it more digestible.

  1. Provide Clear Calls to Action

Whether you want your readers to schedule an appointment, read more about a condition, or follow a treatment plan, make sure your calls to action are clear and easy to follow. Use direct language and provide easy-to-follow instructions. For example, “Click here to book your appointment” is more effective than a vague “Learn more.”

  1. Be Empathetic and Supportive

Empathy goes a long way in medical communications. Acknowledge the emotional and physical challenges your audience may be facing, and offer support and encouragement. Use a friendly and reassuring tone. For example, instead of saying, “You must take your medication daily,” try, “Taking your medication daily can help you feel better and stay healthy. We’re here to support you every step of the way.”

  1. Seek Feedback and Improve

Finally, don’t be afraid to ask for feedback. Whether through surveys, comment sections, or direct conversations, gather insights from your audience about what works and what doesn’t. Use this feedback to continuously improve your content and better meet the needs of your readers.

In conclusion, making your medical content user-friendly is all about clarity, engagement, and empathy. By knowing your audience, using simple language, incorporating visuals, and being supportive, you can create content that truly resonates with your readers.

Happy writing!

For more information or assistance, feel free to reach out to us at [email protected].

The Future of Academic Publishing: Trends and Predictions

Medical Writing, Uncategorized,

Academic publishing is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by technological advancements, changing attitudes toward knowledge dissemination, and the need for greater transparency in research. As medical writers, it’s crucial to stay informed of these developments to better serve our clients and contribute to the evolving scholarly communication ecosystem. This blog explores emerging trends and predicts future developments in academic publishing, with a focus on their implications for medical writing.

Open Peer Review: Transparency in the Evaluation Process

One of the most notable trends in academic publishing is the move toward open peer review. Traditionally, peer review was typically a closed process, with reviewers remaining anonymous and their comments hidden from public view. However, there’s a growing push for transparency in this crucial step of scholarly publishing.

Open peer review can take various forms, ranging from simply publishing reviewer reports alongside the final article to revealing reviewer identities and allowing public comment on preprints. This shift towards openness aims to address several issues in the current system, including:

  1. Accountability: By making reviewer comments public, there is increased accountability for both reviewers and authors.
  2. Credit for Reviewers: Open peer review allows reviewers to receive recognition for their contributions to the scientific process.
  3. Educational Value: Early career researchers can learn from seeing high-quality peer reviews.
  4. Reducing Bias: Open peer review may help diminish some forms of bias in the review process.

For medical writers, this trend necessitates a deeper understanding of the peer review process and the ability to guide clients through more transparent scholarly communication. We may need to assist authors in preparing responses to reviewer comments that will be publicly visible, requiring a more tactful and constructive approach.

Data Sharing Policies: Enhancing Reproducibility and Transparency

Another significant trend is the implementation of stricter data-sharing policies by journals and funding bodies to promote open data. This push aims to enhance research reproducibility, allow for secondary analyses, and increase overall transparency in scientific research.

Key aspects of this trend include:

  1. Mandatory Data Availability Statements: Many journals now require authors to include a statement on how and where their data can be accessed, fostering data transparency.
  2. Data Repositories: The use of specialized repositories for different types of data (e.g., genomic, imaging, clinical trial data) is becoming more common.
  3. FAIR Principles: There is an increasing emphasis on making data Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable, promoting data usability and accessibility.

For medical writers, this trend requires a thorough understanding of data management practices and the ability to guide clients in preparing their data for sharing. We may need to assist in writing clear data availability statements, ensuring proper data anonymization, and navigating the complexities of various data-sharing platforms.

Artificial Intelligence in Publishing: Shaping the Future

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is poised to revolutionize various aspects of academic publishing. While it will not replace human expertise, AI will likely augment and streamline many processes. Some key areas where AI is making inroads include:

  1. Manuscript Screening: AI tools can help editors quickly assess whether submissions meet basic criteria and are within the journal’s scope.
  2. Plagiarism Detection: Advanced AI algorithms can detect not just verbatim copying but also paraphrased content and idea plagiarism.
  3. Reference Checking: AI can verify the accuracy and completeness of citations more efficiently than manual checking.
  4. Language Polishing: AI-powered tools can assist in improving the clarity and grammar of manuscripts, particularly beneficial for non-native English speakers.
  5. Peer Reviewer Matching: AI algorithms can suggest appropriate reviewers based on the manuscript’s content and reviewers’ expertise.

As medical writers, it is essential to stay informed about these AI tools and potentially incorporate them into our workflow. However, it is crucial to maintain a critical eye and not over-rely on AI-generated content or suggestions.

Preprint Servers: Accelerating Scientific Communication

The rise of preprint servers, such as medRxiv for health sciences, is another trend reshaping academic publishing. These servers allow researchers to share their findings rapidly, before the often lengthy peer review process. This trend has several implications:

  1. Faster Dissemination of Research: Crucial in fast-moving fields or during health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
  2. Increased Visibility: These can attract collaborators and feedback early in the research process.
  3. Establishing Priority: Researchers can stake their claim to ideas and findings earlier.

However, the proliferation of preprints also raises concerns about the quality of non-peer-reviewed research entering the public domain. As medical writers, we may need to help clients navigate the decision of whether to post preprints and assist in preparing manuscripts that clearly state their preprint status.

Predictions for the Future of Academic Publishing

Looking ahead, several developments are likely to shape the future of academic publishing:

  • Blockchain for Peer Review: Blockchain technology could be used to create a transparent, immutable record of the peer review process, potentially addressing issues of trust and accountability.
  • AI-Assisted Authorship: While AI will not replace human authors, it may play a larger role in literature reviews, generating hypotheses, and even drafting sections of papers.
  • Interactive Papers: Future academic papers may incorporate multimedia elements, live data visualizations, and even virtual reality components to create a more interactive reading experience.
  • Micro-publications: There may be a shift towards publishing smaller units of research, such as individual experiments or observations, rather than waiting to compile a full paper.
  • Continuous Publishing: Some journals may abandon the issue and volumes-based model, instead publish articles on a rolling basis as soon as they are ready.
  • Alternative Metrics: Traditional impact factors may be supplemented or replaced by more diverse metrics that capture societal impact, policy influence, and public engagement.
  • Open Access Dominance: The trend towards open access is likely to continue, potentially becoming the dominant model for academic publishing, with more journals making their content freely available online.

Peer Review Evolution: These may become more collaborative, with reviewers and authors working together to improve papers through multiple rounds of feedback.

Implications for Medical Writers

These trends and predictions have significant implications for medical writers:

  1. Expanded Skill Set: We will need to develop new skills, such as data management, AI tool utilization, and multimedia content creation.
  2. Ethical Considerations: As AI becomes more prevalent in writing and publishing, we willneed to navigate complex ethical issues around authorship and originality.
  3. Adaptability: The publishing landscape is likely to remain in flux, requiring us to stay adaptable and continuously update our knowledge and practices.
  4. Client Education: We will play an important role in educating clients about new publishing models, data-sharing requirements, and the evolving peer review process.
  5. Quality Assurance: With the rise of preprints and AI-assisted writing, our role in ensuring the quality and accuracy of scientific communication will become even more crucial.
  6. Interdisciplinary Collaboration: As research becomes more complex and data-intensive, we may need to collaborate more closely with data scientists, statisticians, and other specialists.

The future of academic publishing is exciting and challenging, with trends towards greater openness, transparency, and technological integration. As medical writers, we are uniquely positioned to help navigate this changing landscape. By staying informed about these trends and developing new skills, we can continue to play a vital role in ensuring effective and accurate scientific communication.

The key to thriving in this evolving environment will be our ability to adapt, embrace new technologies while maintaining a critical perspective and continue to prioritize the clear and accurate communication of scientific ideas. As we move forward, our expertise in crafting compelling narratives and translating complex scientific concepts will remain invaluable, even as the medium and methods of publishing continue to evolve.

Turacoz Healthcare Solutions stands at the forefront of academic publishing, offering comprehensive medical writing services that cater to the needs of researchers, clinicians, and academicians. Our team is adept at navigating the complexities of modern publishing, from open peer review to AI integration and data sharing. Partnering with Turacoz, you gain access to a wealth of knowledge and experience to help you publish confidently and clearly. Visit www.turacoz.com or contact us at [email protected] to learn more about how we can support your academic publishing journey.

The Role of Preprints in Modern Research

Medical Publishing, Medical Writing, ,

Scientific research dissemination has undergone a significant transformation in recent years, largely owing to the rise of preprint repositories. Preprints, which are versions of scholarly papers that precede formal peer reviews and publications in academic journals, have become an integral part of the scientific communication ecosystem. This blog explores the rise of preprint repositories, their role in accelerating research dissemination, and their impact on traditional journal publishing.

The Rise of Preprint Repositories

They have emerged as vital platforms on which researchers can share their findings with the global scientific community. Repositories, such as arXiv, bioRxiv, and medRxiv, have become popular across various disciplines. The concept of preprints is not new; it dates to the early 1990s with the launch of arXiv, a repository for physics research. However, the proliferation of preprint servers across different fields is a relatively recent phenomenon driven by the need for quicker dissemination of scientific knowledge. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has accelerated the adoption of preprints. With the urgency to share critical research findings related to the virus, treatments, and vaccines, preprint repositories have played a crucial role in providing immediate access to scientific data. This shift highlights the importance of preprints in responding to global health emergencies and underscores their potential to expedite the research process.

Accelerating Research Dissemination

Preprints have revolutionized the speed at which research findings are shared. Traditionally, peer review and publication in academic journals can take months if not years. This delay can hinder the timely dissemination of important scientific discoveries. Preprints address this issue by allowing researchers to share their work with the community almost immediately after completing their manuscript. Rapid dissemination has several benefits:

  1. Immediate Access to Research: Researchers, clinicians, and policymakers can access the latest findings without waiting for a lengthy peer review process. This immediate access is particularly crucial in fields in which timely information can influence ongoing research and public health decisions.
  2. Increased Collaboration: By making research publicly available at an early stage, preprints foster collaboration and feedback from a broader audience. Researchers should receive constructive comments and suggestions to improve the quality of their work before formal publication.
  3. Enhanced Visibility: Preprints can increase the visibility of research findings. Studies available as preprints can attract the attention of the media, funding agencies, and other researchers, potentially leading to new opportunities for collaboration and funding.

Impact on Traditional Journal Publishing

The rise of preprints has significant implications for traditional journal publishing. While preprints offer several advantages, they also challenge the established norms of scientific communication.

  1. Peer Review Process: One of the primary roles of academic journals is to provide rigorous peer review to ensure the quality and reliability of published research. Preprints, by definition, are not peer-reviewed, which has raised concerns about the potential spread of misinformation and the and credibility of unreviewed findings. However, many preprint servers have implemented basic screening processes to mitigate these concerns.
  2. Citation and Credibility: The acceptance and citation of preprints in academic circles have been the subject of debate. Some researchers and institutions hesitate to cite preprints, preferring peerreviewed articles for their credibility. However, the scientific community is gradually recognizing the value of preprints, and many funding agencies and institutions now consider preprints in grant applications and tenure evaluations.
  3. Economic Model: The conventional journal publishing model, which is based on subscription fees and article processing charges, faces challenges from the open-access nature of preprints. Preprints offer an alternative that can reduce the financial burden on researchers and institutions. This shift has prompted journals to explore new business models and to consider the integration of preprints into their publication pipelines.

Preprints in Medical Research

Preprints are particularly influential in medical research. The importance of sharing findings quickly in the medical field, where discoveries can directly impact patient care and public health policies, cannot be overstated. Preprint repositories like medRxiv have gained prominence, providing a platform for medical researchers to disseminate their work before formal peer review.

However, the use of preprints in medical research also requires careful consideration. Since unreviewed medical research can influence clinical practice and public health decisions, a balanced approach is necessary. Researchers and readers must exercise caution, critically evaluating the credibility and reliability of preprint findings.

Future Directions

The incorporation of preprints into the scientific communication landscape will likely continue to evolve. Several trends and developments can be anticipated:

  1. Enhanced Review Mechanisms: Preprint servers may develop more potent review mechanisms, including post-publication peer review and community-based feedback systems. These enhancements can improve the quality and reliability of preprints while retaining the speed of dissemination.
  2. Integration with Journals: Some academic journals are exploring partnerships with preprint servers, offering streamlined submission processes that allow researchers to submit preprints directly to journals for peer review. This integration can bridge the gap between preprints and traditional publishing.
  3. Policy and Guidelines: Institutions, funding agencies, and publishers are likely to develop clearer policies and guidelines regarding the use of preprints. Standardized practices can help address concerns about the credibility and citation of preprints.
  4. Education and Awareness: As preprints become more prevalent, educating researchers, clinicians, and the public about their proper use and interpretation will be essential. Increased awareness can help mitigate the risks associated with unreviewed research while maximizing the benefits of rapid dissemination.

Preprints have transformed the way scientific research is shared and accessed, offering a faster, more collaborative approach to dissemination. Their rise has had a profound impact on traditional journal publishing, challenging established norms and prompting innovation in the peer review process. As the scientific community continues to embrace preprints, their role in accelerating research dissemination and enhancing public engagement with science is likely to expand, shaping the future of scientific communication.

At Turacoz, we specialize in assisting researchers with the preparation of preprints. Our team of experienced medical writers and reviewers ensures that your preprints are clear, accurate, and impactful, maximizing their potential to reach and engage a broad audience. Visit www.turacoz.com or contact at [email protected] to learn more about how we can support your research communication needs.

Impact Factor and Beyond: Understanding Journal Metrics

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Journal metrics play a crucial role in evaluating the significance and influence of scholarly journals in academic publishing. These metrics serve as quantitative tools that help researchers, institutions, and funding bodies assess the impact of journals and, by extension, the research published within them. Although the impact factor is perhaps the most well-known of these metrics, it is by no means the only one. This blog will dive into various journal metrics, including the impact factor, h-index, and altmetrics, and discuss their significance, limitations, and broader implications for the academic community.

The Impact Factor: A Traditional Measure

The quest to quantify scholarly impact began in the mid-20th century as the volume of scientific literature exploded. Eugene Garfield’s introduction of the Science Citation Index in 1964 and the subsequent development of the impact factor in 1975 marked significant milestones in bibliometrics. The formula for calculating the impact factor is as follows:

Significance of the Impact Factor

  1. Indicator of Influence: The impact factor is widely regarded as an indicator of a journal’s influence and prestige within its field. Higher impact factor values are often associated with prestigious journals.
  2. Decision-Making Tool: Researchers use the impact factor to decide where to submit their work, and institutions use it to assess research output and make funding decisions

Limitations of the Impact Factor

  1. Disciplinary Variations: Different academic fields have different citation behavior. For instance, journals in the natural sciences often have higher impact factors than those in the humanities and social sciences do.
  2. Short-Term Focus: The two-year citation window may not adequately reflect the long-term impact of research, especially in fields where citations accumulate slowly over time.
  3. Susceptibility to Manipulation: Journals may adopt strategies to artificially inflate their impact factors, such as encouraging self-citations or publishing review articles that tend to receive more citations.
  4. Narrow Scope: The impact factor focuses solely on citation counts, ignoring other aspects of scholarly influence, such as societal impact, educational value, or policy influence.

The h-Index: A Measure of Individual and Journal Impact

Introduced by physicist Jorge Hirsch in 2005, aims to measure both the productivity and citation impact of an individual researcher or a journal. An entity has an h-index of h if h of its N papers  have at least h citations each, and the other N – h papers have fewer than h citations each.

Significance of the h-Index

  1. Balanced Metric: The h-index balances quantity (number of publications) and quality (number of citations), providing a more comprehensive measure of impact.
  2. Comparative Tool: This is useful for comparing researchers or journals within the same field, helping to identify influential contributors.

Limitations of the h-Index

  1. Field-Specific Bias: Like the impact factor, the h-index can be biased by field-specific citation practices, which makes cross-disciplinary comparisons problematic.
  2. Age Sensitivity: The h-index tends to favor senior researchers who have had more time to accumulate citations, potentially disadvantaging early-career researchers.
  3. Ignores Context: It does not account for the context of citations, such as whether citations are positive or negative, nor does it consider collaborative efforts where authorship contributions may vary.

Altmetrics: Beyond Traditional Citations

This represents a diverse set of measures that capture the attention research outputs receive online. This includes social media mentions, news coverage, blog posts, and other online platforms. Tools like Altmetric.com and PlumX provide aggregated altmetric scores for individual research output.

Significance of Altmetrics

  1. Broader Impact: Altmetrics capture the broader impact of research, including its influence on public discourse, policy, and practice, which traditional metrics may overlook.
  2. Timeliness: They provide real-time insights into how research is discussed and shared, offering a timely complement to traditional citation metrics.
  3. Engagement: Altmetrics highlights engagement with a wider audience beyond the academic community, reflecting the societal relevance and reach of research.

Limitations of Altmetrics

  1. Data Quality: The reliability and consistency of altmetric data can vary, as it depends on tracking diverse and sometimes ephemeral online activities.
  2. Potential for Gaming: Social media activities can be easily manipulated, raising concerns regarding the authenticity of altmetric scores.
  3. Field-Specific Bias: Certain fields may naturally attract more online attention than others, skewing altmetric comparisons across disciplines.

Integrating Multiple Metrics: A Holistic Approach

While each of these metrics offers valuable insights, none is without flaws. A holistic approach that integrates multiple metrics can provide a more comprehensive evaluation of journal impact. Some strategies for achieving this are as follows:

  1. Combine Metrics: Use a combination of traditional metrics (impact factor, h-index) and alternative metrics (altmetrics) to capture both scholarly and broader societal impacts.
  2. Field-Normalized Indicators: Employ field-normalized indicators to account for disciplinary differences in citation practices, and ensure fair comparisons across fields.
  3. Contextual Analysis: Consider the context of citations and altmetric mentions, distinguishing between positive and negative citations, and identifying the nature of online engagement.
  4. Qualitative Assessments: Complement quantitative metrics with qualitative assessments, such as expert reviews, peer feedback, and case studies, to capture the nuanced impact of research.

The Way Forward

The landscape of journal metrics is evolving, with new tools and methodologies continually being developed to address the limitations of existing metrics. Some emerging trends are as follows:

  • Open Metrics: The movement towards open science is driving the development of open metrics, which are transparent, reproducible, and freely accessible. These metrics aim to provide a more democratic and inclusive assessment of research impact.
  • Responsible Metrics: There is a growing emphasis on responsible metrics that advocate the ethical and responsible use of metrics in research assessment. Initiatives like Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) and the Leiden Manifesto provide guidelines for the responsible use of metrics.
  • AI and Big Data: Advances in artificial intelligence and big data analytics are enabling the development of sophisticated metrics that can analyze vast amounts of data and provide deeper insights into research impact.

Understanding journal metrics is essential for navigating the complex landscape of academic publishing. While traditional metrics like the impact factor and h-index offer valuable insights into scholarly influence, they have significant limitations. Altmetrics provides a complementary perspective by capturing the broader societal impact of research. However, no single metric can fully capture the multifaceted nature of research impact.

A holistic approach that integrates multiple metrics and considers both quantitative and qualitative assessments is crucial for the comprehensive evaluation of journal impact. As the landscape of journal metrics continues to evolve, researchers, institutions, and funding bodies need to stay informed about emerging trends and adopt responsible practices in research assessment.

At Turacoz, we integrate multiple metrics for journal assessment, combining traditional measures like the IF and h-index with innovative altmetrics. This comprehensive approach captures both scholarly influence and broader societal engagement, providing nuanced insights. Our expertise in academic publishing metrics helps clients make informed decisions about where to publish and how to evaluate research impact. Visit www.turacoz.com or contact [email protected] to discover how we can enhance your research strategy and maximize your work’s visibility and influence.

World Malaria Day : Understanding Malaria

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Malaria is a serious life-threatening parasitic disease caused by parasites known as Plasmodium vivax (P.vivax), Plasmodium falciparum (P.falciparum), Plasmodium malariae (P.malariae) and Plasmodium ovale (P.ovale). Its transmission takes place through the infective bite of Anopheles mosquito. Man develops this disease after 10–14 days of being bitten by an infective mosquito.

Every year April 25 is celebrated as “World Malaria Day” across the globe in an effort to provide effective control of the disease. This occasion also provides a common platform for the affected countries to share experiences, showcase technologies and collaborate in programs in the fight against malaria.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF MALARIA

Symptoms of malaria include fever and flu-like illness, including shaking chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur. Malaria may cause anemia and jaundice (yellow coloring of the skin and eyes) because of the loss of red blood cells. Infection with one type of malaria, P. falciparum, if not promptly treated, may cause kidney failure, seizures, mental confusion, coma, and death.

POPULATION AT RISK

In 2015, approximately 3.2 billion people—nearly half of the world’s population—were at risk of malaria.

Maximum number of malaria cases and deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa. However, Asia, Latin America, and, to a lesser degree, the Middle East, are also at risk. In 2015, 97 countries and territories had ongoing malaria transmission.

DISEASE BURDEN

  • According to the latest WHO estimates, released in December 2015, there were 214 million cases of malaria in 2015 and 438,000 deaths.
  • Between 2000 and 2015, malaria incidence among populations at risk reduced by 37% globally; during the same period, malaria mortality rates among populations at risk registered a decline by 60%. An estimated 6.2 million malaria deaths have been averted globally since 2001.
  • Sub-Saharan Africa continues to contributethe highest share of the global malaria burden. In 2015, the region accounted for 88% of malaria cases and 90% of malaria deaths.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR CONTROLLING MALARIA

  • Taking antimalarial drugs to kill the parasites
  • Eliminating places where mosquitoes breed
  • Spraying insecticides to kill adult mosquitoes that come inside
  • Sleeping under bed nets—especially effective if they have been treated with insecticide, e.g. insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) and
  • Wearing insect repellent and long-sleeved clothing if out of doors at night.

CURRENT SCENARIO OF MALARIA VACCINE

  • Effective malaria vaccine could helpeliminate and eradicate malaria; there are currently 63 vaccine candidates, 41in preclinical and clinical stages of development.
  • Vaccines are being designedto target pre-erythrocytic stages, erythrocytic stage or the sexual stages ofPlasmodium taken up by a feeding mosquito, or the multiple stages
  • Twovaccines in preclinical and clinical development target falciparum; and themost advanced candidate is the pre-erythrocytic vaccine RTS,S which is inphase-III clinical trials.
  • RTS,S/ASO1 is the first malaria vaccine to have completed pivotal Phase 3 testing and obtained a positive scientific opinion by a stringent medicines regulatory authority.
  • Collaborators of RTS,S Clinical Trials Partnership showed that RTS,S/AS01 prevented a substantial number of cases of clinical malaria over a 3–4-year period in young infants and children when administered with or without a booster dose. Efficacy was enhanced by the administration of a booster dose in both age categories. Thus, the vaccine has the potential to make a substantial contribution to malaria control when used in combination with other effective control measures, especially in areas of high transmission.

Turacoz Healthcare Solutions is committed to spread the awareness on such social or healthcare related issues as a part of their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activity. Our medical writing team is well versed with recent advances in various therapeutic areas which gives them a head start in various publication, clinical research and regulatory writing projects.

World Parkinson’s Disease Day: Shatter the Myths with Hope

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World Parkinson’s Disease Day: 11th April, 2016:

World Parkinson’s disease day is celebrated every year on 11th April to commemorate Dr. J Parkinson on his birthday. He was the first to describe the disease in “An Essay on the Shaking Palsy”, as a disorder with a pattern of lessened muscular power and involuntary tremulous motion. On this day, efforts are made to increase the public awareness of this terrible disease.

 

What Is Parkinson’s Disease?

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which affects the nerve cells in the brain that produce dopamine. As a result, these nerve cells are reduced in numbers. As cell death spreads to larger parts of the brain more centers are affected which results in an aggravated motor and non-motor functional impairments. It is a progressive disorder and the symptoms gradually worsen.

Symptoms of PD begin gradually, often on one side of the body and later, they affect both sides of the body. The disease is characterized by:

  • Trembling of hands, arms, legs, jaw and face
  • Stiffness of the arms, legs and trunk
  • Slowness of movement and trouble in walking and/or talking
  • Poor balance and coordination
  • Sleep problems and depression

People with the disease may have trouble doing simple tasks as the symptoms get worse. They may also have trouble chewing, swallowing, or speaking.

 

Screening and Diagnosis

PD usually begins around age 60, but it can start earlier. It is more common in men than in women. There is no laboratory test for PD, so it can be difficult to diagnose. Doctors use a medical history and a neurological examination to diagnose it. There is no cure for PD

 

Lifestyle Remedies and Health Care Solution

  • Exercise: It may increase your muscle strength, flexibility and balance. Exercise can also improve your well-being and reduce depression or anxiety
  • Medications: They may help you manage problems with walking, movement and tremor. Medications can help control the PD- symptoms by substituting/increasing for dopamine in the brain.
  • Healthy diet: A balanced diet provides nutrition. Foods such as fish which contain omega-3 fatty acids are also recommended for persons with PD.
  • Training for daily activities: An occupational therapist can show techniques that make daily life easier.
  • Be careful while walking: At later stages of the disease, movement can become difficult. Distribute your weight evenly between both feet, and don’t lean. Avoid walking backward.

 

Create Awareness to Find a Cure:

Many people are not fully aware of how to identify PD. In the interest of promoting awareness of this disease, we can:

  • Organize larger events at local parks, or even with local schools for the cause of PD
  • Work together to create a day where there are educational courses about the disease
  • Arrange for musical performances, conduct marathons and walk-a-thons to help generate donations to support the ongoing research into this condition.
  • Work together with friends and family to help organize refreshment stands or bake sales to produce more funds to donate to research groups

Turacoz Healthcare Solutions is committed to spread the awareness on such social or healthcare-related issues as a part of their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activity. Our medical writing team is well-versed in various therapeutic areas which gives them a head start in various publication, clinical research and regulatory writing projects.

World Tuberculosis Day: Present Scenario and Future Prospects

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Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It usually affects the lungs (pulmonary TB), but can affect other sites as well (extra-pulmonary TB). The disease usually spreads through air, for example by coughing. Overall, a relatively small proportion (5–15%) of the people infected with M. tuberculosis will develop TB disease during their lifetime.

World TB Day is celebrated every year on March 24 to commemorate Dr. Robert Koch, who announced his discovery of M. tuberculosis, on the same date in the year 1882

Incidence:

  • There were an estimated 9.6 million incident cases of TB globally, equivalent to 133 cases per 100,000 populations in the year 2014.
  • India, Indonesia, and China had the largest number of cases: 23%, 10% and 10% of the total cases, respectively.
  • An estimated 480,000 people developed multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) globally in 2014.
  • The absolute number of incident cases has fallen over last few years; an average rate of reduction was 1.5% per year between 2000 and 2014, and 2.1% between the year 2013 and 2014. The cumulative reduction in the TB incidence rate from 2000 to 2014 was 18%.

Co-epidemics of TB and HIV

  • The probability of developing TB is much higher among people infected with human immune-deficiency virus (HIV).
  • Out of 9.6 million incident TB cases in 2014, there were approximately 1.1–1.3 million (11–13%) people living with HIV.
  • Almost three-quarters of these cases were noted in the African Region.

Mortality:

  • In the absence of treatment, the death rate of TB is very high.
  • There were an estimated 1.5 million TB deaths in 2014, including 0.4 million among people who were HIV-positive.

Treatment:

  • Effective drug molecules for TB were first developed in the 1940s. The most effective first-line anti-TB drug, rifampicin, became available in the 1960s.
  • The currently recommended treatment for new cases of drug-susceptible TB is a six-month regimen of four first-line drugs: isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide.
  • MDR-TB, defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin (the two most powerful anti-TB drugs), requires more expensive and more toxic drugs such as kanamycin, levofloxacin, cycloserine etc.
  • The duration of the current regimen recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) for MDR-TB is 20 months; however, treatment success rate is much lower for most patients with MDR-TB.

 

In 2014, the cost per patient treated for drug-susceptible TB ranged from US$ 100−500 in most countries with a high burden of TB. The cost per patient treated for MDR-TB was typically US$ 5000−10,000.

Between 2000 and 2014, TB treatment alone saved an estimated 35 million lives among HIV-negative people. Among HIV-positive people, TB treatment supported by anti-retroviral therapy (ART) saved an additional 8.4 million lives.

Research Pipeline

  • WHO has issued an interim guidance on the use of bedaquiline (in 2013) and delamanid (in 2014), two new drugs that have recently been recommended for the treatment of MDR-TB under specific conditions.
  • Additionally, eight new or re-purposed anti-TB drugs are in advanced phases of clinical development; some new chemical entities are discussed below:
    • For the first time in six years, an anti-TB drug candidate (TBA-354) was in Phase I testing. However, on 11 March 2016, TB Alliance announced discontinuation of the clinical development program of TBA-354 based on its safety and pharmacokinetic data.
    • PA-824 (pretomanid), currently in Phase II, is a potential cornerstone of future TB and drug-resistant TB treatment regimens.
    • Sutezolid (PNU-100480) and SQ109 are under development for the treatment of both drug-resistant and sensitive tuberculosis, and are currently in early Phase II testing.
  • Recent observational studies of the effectiveness of short-term regimens for MDR-TB in Niger and Cameroon found that a 12-month regimen (instead of current 20 months) was effective and well-tolerated in patients not previously exposed to second-line drugs.
  • Currently, there are 15 vaccines in Phase I or Phase II trials. However, for the time being, a vaccine that is effective in preventing TB in adults remains elusive.

Turacoz Healthcare Solutions is committed to spread the awareness on such social or healthcare-related issues as a part of their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activity. Our medical writing team is well-versed with recent advances in various therapeutic areas which gives them a head start in various publication, clinical research and regulatory writing projects.